What action can significantly reduce lead dust in homes?

Regularly damp wiping surfaces is the most effective action to significantly reduce lead dust in homes. This method works by using a damp cloth, which effectively captures lead dust particles instead of dispersing them into the air, which can occur with dry cleaning methods. Lead dust often settles on surfaces like countertops, windowsills, and floors, so frequent damp wiping can help to minimize the presence of lead dust and lower the risk of lead exposure, especially in homes built before 1978 when lead-based paint was commonly used.

Other methods, such as painting over existing lead paint or using a regular vacuum cleaner, do not address the root cause of lead dust contamination. Painting may seal in lead paint but does not eliminate the dust already present, and a standard vacuum cleaner may not be equipped with HEPA filters, which are crucial for trapping fine lead particles effectively. Additionally, air fresheners would not impact lead dust levels, as they are primarily meant to provide fragrance and have no cleaning capability.